Understanding Rotator Cuff Injuries: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

By Dr. Jigar Patel – Orthopaedic Surgeon, Ghatkopar, Mumbai

The shoulder joint is one of the most mobile joints in the human body. This mobility is largely supported by the rotator cuff — a group of muscles and tendons that keep the head of your upper arm bone firmly within the shallow socket of the shoulder.

A rotator cuff injury is a common cause of shoulder pain, particularly in individuals above 40 years, athletes, and people who perform repetitive overhead activities. As an orthopaedic surgeon practicing in Ghatkopar, Mumbai, I often see patients struggling with persistent shoulder pain, stiffness, or weakness, unaware that a rotator cuff issue might be the cause.

What is a Rotator Cuff Injury?

A rotator cuff injury refers to damage to one or more of the four muscles or their tendons (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis) that form the rotator cuff. The injury can range from tendinitis and partial tears to complete tendon rupture.

Common Causes

• Age-related degeneration (most common after age 40)

• Repetitive overhead motions (painters, carpenters, athletes)

• Heavy lifting

• Falling on an outstretched hand

• Poor posture or shoulder biomechanics

Signs and Symptoms

If you’re experiencing any of the following symptoms, you may be dealing with a rotator cuff issue:

• Persistent shoulder pain, especially at night

• Difficulty lifting your arm

• Weakness in the shoulder

• Clicking or catching when moving the arm

• Limited range of motion

Early diagnosis can help prevent further damage and reduce recovery time.

Diagnosis

At my clinic in Ghatkopar, we start with a thorough physical examination, followed by diagnostic tests such as:

• X-rays – to rule out bone spurs or arthritis

• Ultrasound or MRI – to visualize soft tissue damage like tendon tears

Treatment Options

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Conservative Management

For mild to moderate injuries:

• Rest and activity modification

• Physiotherapy to strengthen shoulder muscles

• Anti-inflammatory medications

• Corticosteroid injections (for pain relief)

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Surgical Treatment

If the tear is large or not improving with conservative treatment, surgery may be advised:

• Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (minimally invasive)

• Open surgical repair (for complex tears)

• Tendon transfers or shoulder replacement (in chronic or massive tears)

Post-Surgery Recovery

Recovery depends on the severity of the tear and the type of surgery performed. Post-operative rehabilitation is crucial and typically includes:

• Immobilization in a sling (initial 4–6 weeks)

• Gradual physiotherapy

• Return to normal activity in 3–6 months

Preventive Tips

• Avoid repetitive overhead activities when possible

• Maintain good posture

• Regular shoulder exercises to build muscle strength

• Use proper technique when lifting or playing sports

When to See a Specialist

If your shoulder pain is persistent, affecting your sleep, or limiting your daily activities, don’t ignore it. Early diagnosis and timely treatment can prevent permanent damage.

Conclusion

Rotator cuff injuries are treatable and with proper care, most patients regain full function and live pain-free. If you’re experiencing shoulder pain or weakness, visit our orthopaedic clinic in Ghatkopar, Mumbai for a detailed evaluation.

👨‍⚕️ Dr. Jigar Patel

DNB ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY| Shoulder & Sports Injury Specialist

Serving Ghatkopar and Mumbai suburbs with advanced orthopaedic care

📍 Visit: www.drjigarortho.com

📞 Book an appointment today to get expert help for your shoulder problems.

+918779485372